Basal cell carcinoma

At CHEC, we understand the impact that Basal cell carcinoma can have on daily life. This dedicated page aims to provide you with essential information about Basal cell carcinoma.

Understanding Basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer. It begins in the basal cells, which are found in the lower layer of the epidermis (the outermost layer of the skin). While it’s often slow-growing and rarely spreads to other parts of the body (metastasizes), it’s still important to recognise and treat it to prevent local disfigurement and potential complications.

What Causes Basal Cell Carcinoma?

The primary cause of BCC is long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds. This UV damage can lead to mutations in the DNA of basal cells, causing them to grow abnormally and uncontrollably.

Other risk factors for developing BCC include:

Genetic conditions: Certain rare genetic syndromes, such as basal cell naevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome), significantly increase the risk of developing multiple BCCs at a young age.

Fair skin: People with lighter skin tones have less melanin, which protects against UV radiation.

History of sunburns: Especially severe or blistering sunburns in childhood or adolescence.

Excessive sun exposure: Living in sunny climates or spending a lot of time outdoors without protection.

Family history of skin cancer: Having a close relative with skin cancer increases your risk.

Older age: The risk of BCC increases with age as cumulative sun exposure builds up.

Previous radiation therapy: Radiation treatment for other conditions can increase the risk of BCC in the treated area.

Arsenic exposure: Long-term exposure to arsenic can increase the risk.

Weakened immune system: People with compromised immune systems (e.g., organ transplant recipients) are at higher risk.

Prevalence and Treatment

It is crucial to seek medical attention if you notice any new or changing skin lesions, sores that don’t heal, or any of the appearances described above. Early detection and treatment of basal cell carcinoma are essential for the best possible outcome.

Specifically, you should see a doctor, preferably a dermatologist, if you observe any of the following:

A new growth, bump, or nodule on your skin that is pearly, shiny, or translucent.
A flat, scaly, red or pink patch that is persistent and may be itchy.
A sore that doesn’t heal, or heals and then reappears.
A waxy, scar-like area with indistinct borders.
A dark or pigmented spot that is new or changing.
Any skin lesion that bleeds easily when touched.
A change in size, shape, colour, or elevation of an existing mole or skin mark (although this is more commonly associated with melanoma, it’s important to get it checked).

Why Early Treatment Matters:

While BCC rarely metastasizes, untreated BCC can recur after treatment: Although the risk of metastasis is low, BCC can recur in the same location after treatment.

Prevention

Prevention:

The best way to reduce your risk of developing basal cell carcinoma is to protect your skin from excessive UV exposure:

See a dermatologist for regular skin checks: Especially if you have risk factors for skin cancer or a history of sun damage.

Seek shade: Especially during peak sun hours (typically 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).

Wear protective clothing: Long-sleeved shirts, trousers, wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses.

Use sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to all exposed skin, even on cloudy days. Reapply every two hours or after swimming or sweating.

Avoid tanning beds and sunlamps: These artificial sources of UV radiation significantly increase your risk of skin cancer.

Perform regular skin self-exams: Check your skin all over for any new or changing moles, spots, or growths.

NHS Treatment

CHEC’s commitment to delivering accessible dermatology services within community settings aims to reduce patient waiting times and improve access to essential care. By working in partnership with the NHS, we strive to provide a seamless pathway for individuals experiencing dermatitis, ensuring they receive the support and treatment they need to manage their condition effectively. Our goal is to enhance the quality of life for those living with Basal cell carcinoma, enabling them to regain comfort and confidence in their skin.

What to expect when visiting a CHEC Hospital:

Further Information

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